What are cavities or dental decay?

Decay or dental caries is a disease in which the tooth is destroyed by softening as a result of growth of microorganisms on and around the teeth in presence of food particles.

How do cavities form on the tooth?

The microorganisms that exist in mouth along with the food remains form a sticky thin, translucent layer on the tooth called dental plaque. The plaque in initial stages can easily be removed by brushing and flossing. If it is not removed, the plaque gets attached firmly to the teeth and the bacteria multiply and in the process release mild acids that destroy the tooth structure. The enamel gets destroyed layer by layer and the bacteria gradually penetrate deeper into the tooth. The affected part of the tooth gets weakened and breaks during chewing and results in a cavity. The process is slow and continues until proper treatment is executed.

How do you detect decay in initial stages?

The dentist can detect initial decay by examination of the teeth and by taking an X-ray. Usually decay in between teeth can be spotted on a bitewing X-ray and on the grinding surface by probing these areas.

Grooves and pits on the grinding surfaces easily get stained by food stuffs and beverages Hence all black spots are not decay and only black spots which have softened the tooth are the areas of decay .The detection should be done by a dentist.

How do you identify decay between teeth?

Initial decay/ caries between teeth can be spotted on bitewing X-rays. In later stages, when more destruction takes place food usually gets impacted between teeth. A dental checkup will confirm the detection.